How to prevent mats in your pet's coat

A mat is a clump of tangled fur that tightens against the skin. Mats can be uncomfortable, and bad ones may hide irritated skin. They're common in long-haired and curly-coated dogs, long-haired cats, and some rabbits.

Where mats usually form

Look behind the ears, under the legs, on the belly, around the collar or harness and near the tail. These are the areas with the most friction or moisture.

Brushing basics

• Brush down to the skin, not just the top layer
• Work in small sections
• Use a comb to check that the brush has reached the base
• Brush before baths, not after, as water tightens knots
• Go gently, especially with cats and rabbits

When to ask for help

Small tangles can often be worked out at home. A tight mat close to the skin should usually be handled by a groomer, since scissors near skin are risky, and in some cases the kindest option is to clip the coat short and start fresh. If the skin underneath looks red, sore or broken, talk to your veterinarian.